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Why Preservatives are Needed
Consumers often take for granted the fact their cosmetics and toiletries are easy to buy, store and use. However, at work behind the scenes are preservatives, vital ingredients that ensure these products don’t spoil or expose users to bacteria, molds or yeasts.
Why do we need preservatives?
Cosmetics, toiletries and hygiene products such as make-up, wet wipes and shampoo are perishable items susceptible to attack by microorganisms. This is because they contain water, proteins and other natural ingredients that serve as a breeding ground for microorganisms.
Are there alternatives?
The most common alternatives to preservatives are refrigeration and single-use packaging, but they are less sustainable approaches to material and energy costs.
- Refrigeration will extend the shelf-life of preservative-free personal care items, much as it does for food. However this increases the demand for energy and the relatively short shelf-life under these conditions can increase the amount of spoiled product being disposed of and replaced
- Single-use packages also can help users avoid contamination, but can dramatically increase the cost and waste associated with production, packaging and disposal
How do I know personal care preservatives are safe?
Preservatives make up a minute portion of any personal care product and are highly tested and regulated by governing bodies in the United States, European Union and Japan. They have a long history of effective use in personal care applications.
What about skin allergies?
Mild skin irritation or allergic reactions to personal care products can occur in a small percentage of individuals due to sensitivity to fragrance, natural proteins or other ingredients, including preservatives. A dermatologist can usually help identify the allergen so it can be avoided in the future. Severe allergic reactions to personal care products are very rare.
How do I know if a product has spoiled?
Besides a gray-green layer of mold or other discoloration, products can become runny, oils will separate from water, the product can become malodorous and clear products may become cloudy. However, products containing preservatives typically have a shelf life of several months to more than a year and should be used up well before contamination occurs.
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