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Multifunctional Solutions for
Today and Tomorrow

Meeting Industry Regulations
and Consumer Concerns

Film Properties that Matter Most

Doing More for Performance

Why not simplify your process and go with a multifunctional amine that can offer you more?

There are many reasons to use ANGUS products in paint and coatings formulations, including:

Key Attributes of ANGUS Products for Paint and Coatings Applications

Pigment Dispersion

Improved Thickener Performance

pH Stability


Key attributes of ANGUS multifunctional amines:

AMP™ Co-Dispersant and Neutralizing Amine

As the flagship product from ANGUS, AMP™ Neutralizing Amine has a large functionality range that can improve paint performance.

In the grind

  • Reduces dispersant demand when used in conjunction with conventional dispersants
  • Optimizes pigment dispersion
  • Reduces foam (through dispersant reduction)
  • Provides effective pH control
  • Lowers raw material costs
  • Eliminates need for ammonia, resulting in a lower odor paint

In the letdown

  • Enhances thickener performance
  • Improves color acceptance of shading pastes

Coating Performance

  • Improves scrub and water resistance
  • Reduces in-can corrosion and flash rusting
  • Improves block and freeze-thaw resistance
  • Enhances viscosity stability
  • Effective in low odor systems
  • Minimal or no contribution to system VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) depending on the geography

AEPD™ VOX Multifunctional Amine

As the newest product from ANGUS, AEPD VOX is similar in structure to AMP, but exhibits and additional hydroxyl functional group. The above benefits still apply and additional key benefits include:

  • VOC-free classification in Europe and Asia Pacific
  • Low-VOC classification in North America
  • Low odor
  • Low vapor pressure
  • High boiling point (259°C)

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Pigment Dispersion

Efficient Dispersion Control

AMP™ Co-dispersant and Neutralizing Amine or AEPD™ VOX 1000 Multifunctional Amine both improve pigment dispersion in the production of latex paints. Combining AMP or AEPD VOX 1000 with a conventional anionic dispersant in a grind paste is more effective than using any dispersant alone.

Additionally, these products enhance the performance of anionic dispersants so that dispersant demand is reduced. Six commonly-used dispersants were tested in a typical dispersion.

Test results showed small quantities of AMP in a TiO2 (titanium dioxide), Calcined Clay, and calcium carbonate blend significantly reduced dispersant demand. Specific dispersant requirements vary with the pigment grade, type and lot.

Using AMP or AEPD VOX 1000 in the grind produces a paint with maximum hiding power, color acceptance, and stability at considerably lower anionic dispersant levels than are normally required to achieve similar results. These products also stabilize the grind at a mildly alkaline pH. This reduces the tendency for pigment reagglomeration or “shock” when the grind is added to a moderately alkaline letdown.

One experiment when AEPD VOX 1000 was used as a co-dispersant showed a reduction in viscosity and primary dispersant levels. In the test, the lowest viscosity of the titanium dioxide slurry was reached when there was a combination of a polyacrylate anionic dispersant and AEPD VOX 1000 used.

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Thickener Performance

Improved Thickener Performance

AMP™ Co-dispersant and Neutralizing Amine and AEPD™ VOX 1000 Multifunctional Amine both serve as outstanding replacements for ammonia when neutralizing alkali swellable associative thickeners.

Not only do these primary amines eliminate the problems associated with the handling of ammonia, but pH control and subsequent stability of the associative thickener is greatly enhanced.

Thickeners are often added at the dispersion stage to provide the required milling viscosity. ANGUS specialty amines such as AMP or AEPD VOX 1000 provide greater pH stability than ammonia during the dispersion, thus contributing to improved performance of the associative thickener.

In associative thickener-containing systems, effective neutralization and pH control are important to the long term stability of the coating. Accelerated aging studies demonstrate that AMP provides optimum pH stability in these finished coatings.

In one comparison study, semi-gloss paints containing associative thickener and AMP or ammonia were aged 14 days at 130°F (54.5°C). The AMP system exhibited improved pH stability in comparison to the ammonia-based system.

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pH Stability

AMP™ Co-Dispersant and Neutralizing Amine and AEPD™ VOX 1000 impart excellent pH stability to latex paints. Ammonia is a weaker amine and is much more fugitive than AMP, therefore, ammonia-based paint has poorer pH stability and a stronger odor than does paint based on either of these primary amines.

Controlling pH is very important because most paint formulations require a stable alkaline pH to control:

  • Pigment dispersion
  • Vehicle stability
  • Package corrosion
  • Viscosity stability

The control of pH with AMP also provides coatings with virtually no yellowing compared to many other commonly-used amines and amino alcohols, which is important for many types of quality paints being produced for the marketplace.

A comparison of the pH control performance of AMP and ammonia in a vinyl-acrylic semi-gloss paint showed AMP as being superior to ammonia. After aging one month at elevated, and then two months at ambient temperature, the pH of the ammonia formulation had dropped from 9.2 to 7.4 while the pH of the paint with AMP did not go below 8.5.

To read more about other benefits such as freeze-thaw, scrub resistance and blocking, click here

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